REPLACING ROOFS, PRESERVING HISTORY

For over 20 years, Associate Roofing has had the privilege and honor of replacing roofs on historic buildings for the Martha's Vineyard Preservation Trust. Projects have included the Old Whaling Church, Alley's General Store, the Old Sculpin Gallery, the Grange Hall, the Old West Tisbury Library, the Dr. Daniel Fisher House, and Union Chapel in Oak Bluffs, to name a few. 

Working on coastal historic buildings requires careful planning and execution to preserve architectural integrity and historical significance. The process requires knowledge of the right materials to use, where to source them, expert installation, and an understanding of historic preservation standards. Each of our projects has presented unique challenges; all of them brought great satisfaction.

Here are our top five considerations when undertaking an historical restoration project.

HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE, REGULATIONS, AND MATERIAL SELECTION

Before starting a roofing project on an historic building, we strive to understand its historical significance. Historic buildings are usually subject to strict regulations set by local, state, or national preservation societies. These regulations aim to maintain the original architectural features and materials. Contractors need to meet with historical preservation authorities early in the process to ensure compliance with guidelines and to obtain the necessary permits. 

Choosing the right materials is fundamental to maintaining the historical authenticity of the building. Often, the original roofing materials are no longer available or practical. In such cases, we work with the property owner to select modern materials that closely match the original's appearance and ensure optimal performance. Common historic roofing materials include slate, clay tiles, wood shingles, and metal. Using the same material is usually the preferred route. If that isn't possible then modern alternatives like synthetic slate or historically accurate asphalt shingles can be used if they meet preservation standards and provide the desired aesthetic.

If you get this first part wrong, the entire project is at risk.

That was the case with Santander Bank in Tisbury.  The contractor initially hired to fix the roof (not Associated Roofing) damaged the building's 100-year-old red Italian barrel tiles when attempting to install new underlayment.

They subsequently replaced the tiles with flat red asphalt shingles. The historic commissions on the island determined that the new roof violated the historic character of the building and that it needed to be replaced with materials to replicate the original aesthetic.

Associate Roofing was called in to help select the proper replacement tiles.  Sourcing the right type of tile and the precise color wasn't easy, but Mike Lynch, owner of Associate Roofing had experience with a wide range of roofing materials and great connections with suppliers.  He found the right match for Santander Bank with custom-made Ludowici tiles. “I took special interest in this job,” said Lynch. “It’s ridiculous that they removed those tiles and replaced them with red shingles. It’s a beautiful building.”

Finding the right tile wasn't the only challenge; the tile had to be carefully measured and installed. "This kind of installation isn't like slapping shingles on a roof, it's more like putting a big puzzle together," said Lynch.  The situation was made even more complex by the age and poor condition of the underlying roof, as well as its pitch.According to Adam Turner, Executive Director of the Martha's Vineyard Commission, "Mike and his team installed the materials expertly, even repairing ridgelines and other intricate features. He had the knowledge and experience to accurately repair the roof and install the tiles, so they reflected the historic character of the building."

STRUCTURAL ASSESSMENT, ROOF DESIGN & ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS

A thorough structural assessment of the building is necessary to ensure that it can support the new roof. Historic buildings may have undergone deterioration over time, weakening their structural integrity. Consulting with a structural engineer who specializes in historic buildings is essential. They can assess the condition of the roof deck, support beams, and other structural components, and recommend necessary reinforcements or repairs before proceeding with the roof replacement.

The design of the new roof must respect the building's original architectural style. This includes the pitch, shape, and details such as dormers, chimneys, and decorative elements. Accurate replication of these features is crucial to maintaining the building's historical character. Detailed documentation and photographs of the existing roof can guide the design process. In some cases, historical records or architectural drawings can provide valuable insights into the original design.

When Associate Roofing replaced the roof of the Union Chapel in Oak Bluffs, pictures of what the church looked like a hundred years ago helped the team replicate the aesthetic accurately.

WEATHER & ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

The new roof must be able to withstand local weather conditions while preserving the building's historical integrity. For example, buildings in regions with heavy snowfall require materials and designs that can handle the additional weight. Similarly, roofs in areas prone to high winds need to be securely fastened and made from durable materials. The choice of materials should also consider environmental factors, such as the impact of UV radiation, rain, salt, and humidity on the roof's longevity and appearance.

Vineyard Golf Club just outside of Edgartown faces intense weather conditions. The course was designed to mimic the beaches and wind-scoured dunes that line the south side of the island. “The clubhouse sits in the middle of the golf course,” Lynch noted. “The wind is ten times worse there because nothing stops it. No trees, no houses, no buildings.” The clubhouse roof failed after only 10 years because those environmental elements weren’t factored into the original material selection. “A seasoned roofer considers the high winds and recommends a higher quality shingle. Considers the salt air and selects the right nails to use. Understands the complexities of the water flow and the snow that sits in all the different roof valleys. All of it goes into proper material selection and installation techniques.”

Associate Roofing upgraded the clubhouse roof with cedar shingle that will last 30 or more years. Lynch joked, “I may not be around when they replace that roof.”

COST & FUNDING

Replacing a roof on a historic building can cost more than that of a modern building due to the need for specialized materials and skilled labor. We provide a detailed budget that accounts for all aspects of the project, including material costs, labor, permits, and potential unforeseen expenses. Exploring funding options, such as grants and tax incentives for historic preservation, can help offset some of these costs. Engaging with preservation societies to obtain public or private grants specifically for historic buildings often provides financial support for the project. It's imperative to look past the lowest bid and understand when the project requires quality work from a reputable contractor experienced in historic restoration.

QUALIFIED, CERTIFIED CONTRACTORS

You might as well make this the number one important consideration for any roofing project, not just historical restoration. We cannot emphasize this enough! You want to work with reputable roofing contractors who understand the nuances of historic buildings and are skilled in using appropriate materials and techniques. Whoever it is you choose to do your roof replacement, be sure to check references, view past projects, and be sure that the contractor is current with all the necessary licenses and certifications. Roofing technology is changing every day, so it’s important to keep teams trained on what’s new. Associate Roofing has experience in historic preservation roof replacement, and we are certified to do the job right.

Replacing a roof on a historic building is a complex and multifaceted task that requires careful planning and execution. Associate Roofing takes into consideration the building's historic significance and uses its expertise to select appropriate materials, assess structural integrity, respect architectural details, environmental factors, and costs to ensure the new roof not only protects the building but also preserves its historical charm for future generations.

The Associate Roofing team applies the same care to residential roof replacements. Contact us for more information or to schedule a free roofing estimate.